Ordnungszahl: |
11 |
Name: |
Sodium |
Namensursprung: |
Medieval Latin: sodanum, (headache remedy); symbol from Latin natrium, (sodium carbonate). |
Entdeckung: |
1807 by Sir Humphrey Davy in England |
Beschreibung: |
Soft silvery-white metal. Sixth most abundant element in the earth's crust. Burns in air with a brilliant white flame. |
Vorkommen: |
Obtained by electrolysis of melted sodium chloride (salt), borax and cryolite. |
Verwendung: |
There are few uses for the pure metal, however its
compounds are used in medicine, agriculture and photography. Sodium
chloride (NaCl) is table salt. Liquid sodium is sometimes used to cool
nuclear reactors. |
Gruppe: |
Alkali Metal |
Atomgewicht: |
22.989768 |
Schmelzpunkt: |
97.81°C |
Siedepunkt: |
882.9°C |
Dichte bei 293 K: |
0.971 g/cm³ |
Aggregatszustand bei Raumtemperatur: |
Solid |
Schalen: |
2,8,1 |
Orbitale: |
[Ne] 3s1 |
Valenzen: |
1 |
1. Ionisierungs- potential: |
5.1391 V |
2. Ionisierungs- potential: |
47.286 V |
3. Ionisierungs- potential: |
71.641 V |
Atomradius: |
2.23 Å |
Spezifische Wärme: |
1.23 J/gK |
Verdampfungswärme: |
96.960 kJ/mol |
Schmelzwärme: |
2.598 kJ/mol |
Thermischer Ausdehnungskoeffizient: |
71 10-6 K-1 |
Röntgenemission Energie / Wellenlänge: |
|
KA |
KB |
LA |
LB |
MA |
MB |
|
|
|
eV |
1041.01 |
1067.24 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
|
|
Å |
11.9101 |
11.6174 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
|
|
|
Röntgenabsorption Energie / Wellenlänge: |
|
K |
L-I |
L-II |
L-III |
M-I |
M-II |
M-III |
M-IV |
M-V |
eV |
1073 |
0 |
30.6 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
Å |
11.555 |
0 |
405.181 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
Röntgen Fluoreszenz Ausbeute: |
|
KA |
KB |
LA |
LB |
MA |
MB |
|
|
|
|
1.9% |
0% |
0% |
0% |
0% |
0% |
|
|
|
|
Nuklide: |
|
Anteil |
Gewicht |
Spin |
Halbwertszeit |
Zerfallsmodus |
Na22 |
0% |
21.9944 |
3 |
2.605y |
β+,EC |
Na23 |
100% |
22.9898 |
3/2 |
|
Stable |
Na24 |
0% |
23.9909 |
4 |
14.96h |
β- | |