Ordnungszahl: |
22 |
Name: |
Titanium |
Namensursprung: |
Greek: titanos (Titans). |
Entdeckung: |
1791 by William Gregor in England |
Beschreibung: |
Shiny, dark-gray metal. Ninth most abundant element in
the earth's crust (5700 ppm). It can be highly polished, and is
relatively immune to tarnishing. |
Vorkommen: |
Usually occurs in the minerals ilmenite (FeTiO3) or rutile (TiO2). Also in Titaniferous magnetite, titanite (CaTiSiO5), and iron ores. Pure metal produced by heating TiO2 with C and Cl2 to to produce TiCl4 then heated with Mg gas in Ar atmosphere. |
Verwendung: |
Since it is strong and resists acids it is used in many alloys. Titanium dioxide (TiO2), a white pigment that covers surfaces very well, is used in paint, rubber, paper and many others. |
Gruppe: |
Transition Metal |
Atomgewicht: |
47.88 |
Schmelzpunkt: |
1668°C +/-10°C |
Siedepunkt: |
3287°C |
Dichte bei 293 K: |
4.50 g/cm³ |
Aggregatszustand bei Raumtemperatur: |
Solid |
Schalen: |
2,8,10,2 |
Orbitale: |
[Ar] 3d2 4s2 |
Valenzen: |
2,3,4 |
1. Ionisierungs- potential: |
6.8282 V |
2. Ionisierungs- potential: |
13.58 V |
3. Ionisierungs- potential: |
27.491 V |
Atomradius: |
2.00 Å |
Spezifische Wärme: |
0.52 J/gK |
Verdampfungswärme: |
421.00 kJ/mol |
Schmelzwärme: |
15.450 kJ/mol |
Thermischer Ausdehnungskoeffizient: |
8.6 10-6 K-1 |
Röntgenemission Energie / Wellenlänge: |
|
KA |
KB |
LA |
LB |
MA |
MB |
|
|
|
eV |
4509 |
4931.98 |
452.171 |
458.357 |
0 |
0 |
|
|
|
Å |
2.74973 |
2.51391 |
27.42 |
27.05 |
0 |
0 |
|
|
|
|
Röntgenabsorption Energie / Wellenlänge: |
|
K |
L-I |
L-II |
L-III |
M-I |
M-II |
M-III |
M-IV |
M-V |
eV |
4967 |
0 |
454.4 |
454.3 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
Å |
2.49618 |
0 |
27.2855 |
27.2915 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
Röntgen Fluoreszenz Ausbeute: |
|
KA |
KB |
LA |
LB |
MA |
MB |
|
|
|
|
21.9% |
0% |
0.1% |
0% |
0% |
0% |
|
|
|
|
Nuklide: |
|
Anteil |
Gewicht |
Spin |
Halbwertszeit |
Zerfallsmodus |
Ti44 |
0% |
44 |
0 |
52y |
EC |
Ti45 |
0% |
45 |
7/2 |
3.078h |
β+,EC |
Ti46 |
7.93% |
45.9526 |
0 |
|
Stable |
Ti47 |
7.28% |
46.9518 |
5/2 |
|
Stable |
Ti48 |
73.94% |
47.9479 |
0 |
|
Stable |
Ti49 |
5.51% |
48.9479 |
7/2 |
|
Stable |
Ti50 |
5.34% |
49.9448 |
0 |
|
Stable |
Ti51 |
0% |
51 |
3/2 |
5.76m |
β- | |