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Titan (Ti)

Ordnungszahl: 22
Name: Titanium
Namensursprung: Greek: titanos (Titans).
Entdeckung: 1791 by William Gregor in England
Beschreibung: Shiny, dark-gray metal. Ninth most abundant element in the earth's crust (5700 ppm). It can be highly polished, and is relatively immune to tarnishing.
Vorkommen: Usually occurs in the minerals ilmenite (FeTiO3) or rutile (TiO2). Also in Titaniferous magnetite, titanite (CaTiSiO5), and iron ores. Pure metal produced by heating TiO2 with C and Cl2 to to produce TiCl4 then heated with Mg gas in Ar atmosphere.
Verwendung: Since it is strong and resists acids it is used in many alloys. Titanium dioxide (TiO2), a white pigment that covers surfaces very well, is used in paint, rubber, paper and many others.
Gruppe: Transition Metal
Atomgewicht: 47.88
Schmelzpunkt: 1668°C +/-10°C
Siedepunkt: 3287°C
Dichte bei 293 K: 4.50 g/cm³
Aggregatszustand bei Raumtemperatur: Solid
Schalen: 2,8,10,2
Orbitale: [Ar] 3d2 4s2
Valenzen: 2,3,4
1. Ionisierungs- potential: 6.8282 V
2. Ionisierungs- potential: 13.58 V
3. Ionisierungs- potential: 27.491 V
Atomradius: 2.00 Å
Spezifische Wärme: 0.52 J/gK
Verdampfungswärme: 421.00 kJ/mol
Schmelzwärme: 15.450 kJ/mol
Thermischer Ausdehnungskoeffizient: 8.6 10-6 K-1
Röntgenemission Energie / Wellenlänge:
  KA KB LA LB MA MB      
eV 4509 4931.98 452.171 458.357 0 0      
Å 2.74973 2.51391 27.42 27.05 0 0      
Röntgenabsorption Energie / Wellenlänge:
  K L-I L-II L-III M-I M-II M-III M-IV M-V
eV 4967 0 454.4 454.3 0 0 0 0 0
Å 2.49618 0 27.2855 27.2915 0 0 0 0 0
Röntgen Fluoreszenz Ausbeute:
  KA KB LA LB MA MB      
  21.9% 0% 0.1% 0% 0% 0%      
Nuklide:
  Anteil Gewicht Spin Halbwertszeit Zerfallsmodus
Ti44 0% 44 0 52y EC
Ti45 0% 45 7/2 3.078h β+,EC
Ti46 7.93% 45.9526 0   Stable
Ti47 7.28% 46.9518 5/2   Stable
Ti48 73.94% 47.9479 0   Stable
Ti49 5.51% 48.9479 7/2   Stable
Ti50 5.34% 49.9448 0   Stable
Ti51 0% 51 3/2 5.76m β-


book | by Dr. Radut