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Zirconium (Zr)

Ordnungszahl: 40
Name: Zirconium
Namensursprung: From the mineral, zircon.
Entdeckung: 1789 by Martin Klaproth in Germany
Beschreibung: Gray-white, lustrous, corrosion-resistant metal.
Vorkommen: Found in many minerals such as zircon and baddeleyite.
Verwendung: Used in alloys like zircaloy which is used in nuclear applications since it does not readily absorb neutrons. Also baddeleyite is used in lab crucibles. Used in highperformance pumps a. valves. Clear zircon (ZrSiO4) is a popular gemstone.
Gruppe: Transition Metal
Atomgewicht: 91.224
Schmelzpunkt: 1852°C +/-2°C
Siedepunkt: 4377°C
Dichte bei 293 K: 6.4 g/cm³
Aggregatszustand bei Raumtemperatur: Solid
Schalen: 2,8,18,10,2
Orbitale: [Kr] 4d2 5s2
Valenzen: 2,3,4
1. Ionisierungs- potential: 6.6339 V
2. Ionisierungs- potential: 13.13 V
3. Ionisierungs- potential: 22.99 V
Atomradius: 2.16 Å
Spezifische Wärme: 0.27 J/gK
Verdampfungswärme: 58.20 kJ/mol
Schmelzwärme: 16.90 kJ/mol
Thermischer Ausdehnungskoeffizient: 5.7 10-6 K-1
Röntgenemission Energie / Wellenlänge:
  KA KB LA LB MA MB      
eV 15747.4 17668.5 2042.43 2124.49 0 0      
Å 0.78733 0.70173 6.07048 5.83601 0 0      
Röntgenabsorption Energie / Wellenlänge:
  K L-I L-II L-III M-I M-II M-III M-IV M-V
eV 17998 2532 2307 2223 0 0 0 0 180
Å 0.68888 4.89674 5.37431 5.57739 0 0 0 0 68.8808
Röntgen Fluoreszenz Ausbeute:
  KA KB LA LB MA MB      
  73% 0% 3.1% 0% 0% 0%      
Nuklide:
  Anteil Gewicht Spin Halbwertszeit Zerfallsmodus
Zr86 0% 86 0 16.5h β-
Zr88 0% 88 0 83.4d β-
Zr89 0% 89 9/2 3.27d EC,β+
Zr90 51.46% 89.9043 0   Stable
Zr91 11.23% 90.9053 5/2   Stable
Zr92 17.11% 91.9046 0   Stable
Zr93 0% 92.9057 5/2 1.53E06y β-
Zr94 17.38% 93.9063 0   Stable
Zr95 0% 94.9077 5/2 64.02d β-,β-
Zr96 2.8% 95.9083 0   Stable
Zr97 0% 97 1/2 16.9h β-,β-


book | by Dr. Radut