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Kobalt (Co)

Ordnungszahl: 27
Name: Cobalt
Namensursprung: German: kobold (goblin).
Entdeckung: 1739 by George Brandt in Sweden
Beschreibung: Hard, ductile, lustrous bluish-gray metal. Exists in the earth's curst in cocentrations of about 25 ppm. It has remarkable magnetic properties.
Vorkommen: Occurs in compounds with arsenic, oxygen and sulfur as in cobaltine (CoAsS) and linneite (Co3S4). Pure cobalt is obtained as a byproduct of refining nickel, copper and iron.
Verwendung: Used in many hard alloys; for magnets, ceramics and special glasses. Remains hard up to 982°C. Radioactive cobalt-60 is used in cancer therapy.
Gruppe: Transition Metal
Atomgewicht: 58.93320
Schmelzpunkt: 1495°C
Siedepunkt: 2927°C
Dichte bei 293 K: 8.90 g/cm³
Aggregatszustand bei Raumtemperatur: Solid
Schalen: 2,8,15,2
Orbitale: [Ar] 3d7 4s2
Valenzen: 2,3
1. Ionisierungs- potential: 7.8810 V
2. Ionisierungs- potential: 17.06 V
3. Ionisierungs- potential: 33.50 V
Atomradius: 1.67 Å
Spezifische Wärme: 0.42 J/gK
Verdampfungswärme: 376.50 kJ/mol
Schmelzwärme: 16.190 kJ/mol
Thermischer Ausdehnungskoeffizient: 13 10-6 K-1
Röntgenemission Energie / Wellenlänge:
  KA KB LA LB MA MB      
eV 6925.55 7649.69 776.267 791.43 0 0      
Å 1.79026 1.62079 15.972 15.666 0 0      
Röntgenabsorption Energie / Wellenlänge:
  K L-I L-II L-III M-I M-II M-III M-IV M-V
eV 7709 0 793.8 779 0 61 0 0 0
Å 1.60832 0 15.6192 15.916 0 203.255 0 0 0
Röntgen Fluoreszenz Ausbeute:
  KA KB LA LB MA MB      
  38.1% 0% 0.4% 0% 0% 0%      
Nuklide:
  Anteil Gewicht Spin Halbwertszeit Zerfallsmodus
Co56 0% 55.94 4 77.3d EC,β+
Co57 0% 56.936 7/2 271.8d EC
Co58 0% 57.936 2 70.88d EC,β+
Co58m 0% 58 5 9.1h IT
Co59 100% 58.9332 7/2   Stable
Co60 0% 59.934 5 5.271y β-
Co60m 0% 60 2 10.47m IT,β-
Co61 0% 61 7/2 1.65h β-


book | by Dr. Radut