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Terbium (Tb)

Ordnungszahl: 65
Name: Terbium
Namensursprung: Named after Ytterby, a village in Sweden.
Entdeckung: 1843 by Carl Mosander in Sweden
Beschreibung: Soft, ductile, silvery-gray, rare earth metal.
Vorkommen: Found with other rare earths in monazite sand, which typically contain 0.03% terbium. Other sources are xenotime and euxenite, both of which are oxide mixtures that can contain up to 1% terbium.
Verwendung: It is used in modest amounts in special lasers and solid-state devices.
Gruppe: Actinide Metal
Atomgewicht: 158.92534
Schmelzpunkt: 1356°C
Siedepunkt: 3230°C
Dichte bei 293 K: 8.27 g/cm³
Aggregatszustand bei Raumtemperatur: Solid
Schalen: 2,8,18,27,8,2
Orbitale: [Xe] 4f9 6s2
Valenzen: 3,4
1. Ionisierungs- potential: 5.8639 V
2. Ionisierungs- potential: 11.525 V
3. Ionisierungs- potential: 21.91 V
Atomradius: 2.51 Å
Spezifische Wärme: 0.18 J/gK
Verdampfungswärme: 330.90 kJ/mol
Schmelzwärme: 10.80 kJ/mol
Thermischer Ausdehnungskoeffizient: 9.4 10-6 K-1
Röntgenemission Energie / Wellenlänge:
  KA KB LA LB MA MB      
eV 0 0 6272.98 6978.02 1239.85 1266.19      
Å 0 0 1.9765 1.7768 10 9.79201      
Röntgenabsorption Energie / Wellenlänge:
  K L-I L-II L-III M-I M-II M-III M-IV M-V
eV 51993 8708 8252 7514 1968 1768 1612 1275 1242
Å 0.23846 1.42381 1.50249 1.65006 6.30007 7.01275 7.6914 9.72435 9.98272
Röntgen Fluoreszenz Ausbeute:
  KA KB LA LB MA MB      
  93.7% 0% 21% 0% 0% 0%      
Nuklide:
  Anteil Gewicht Spin Halbwertszeit Zerfallsmodus
Tb151 0% 151 1/2 17.61h EC,β+,α
Tb155 0% 155 3/2 5.3d EC
Tb156 0% 156 3 5.3d EC
Tb157 0% 157 3/2 1.1E02y EC
Tb158 0% 158 3 1.8E02y EC,β-
Tb159 100% 159.925 3/2   Stable
Tb160 0% 160 3 72.3d β-
Tb161 0% 161 3/2 6.91d β-
Tb162 0% 162 1 7.6m β-


book | by Dr. Radut