Ordnungszahl: |
68 |
Name: |
Erbium |
Namensursprung: |
Named after the Swedish town, Ytterby. |
Entdeckung: |
1843 by Carl Mosander in Sweden |
Beschreibung: |
Soft, malleable, silvery metal. |
Vorkommen: |
Found with other heavier rare earths in xenotime and euxerite. |
Verwendung: |
Erbium oxide is used in ceramics to obtain a pink
glaze. Also a few uses in the nuclear industry and as an alloying agent
for other exotic metals. For example, it increases the malleability of
vanadium. |
Gruppe: |
Actinide Metal |
Atomgewicht: |
167.26 |
Schmelzpunkt: |
1529°C |
Siedepunkt: |
2868°C |
Dichte bei 293 K: |
9.05 g/cm³ |
Aggregatszustand bei Raumtemperatur: |
Solid |
Schalen: |
2,8,18,30,8,2 |
Orbitale: |
[Xe] 4f12 6s2 |
Valenzen: |
3 |
1. Ionisierungs- potential: |
6.1078 V |
2. Ionisierungs- potential: |
11.929 V |
3. Ionisierungs- potential: |
22.739 V |
Atomradius: |
2.45 Å |
Spezifische Wärme: |
0.17 J/gK |
Verdampfungswärme: |
261.0 kJ/mol |
Schmelzwärme: |
19.90 kJ/mol |
Thermischer Ausdehnungskoeffizient: |
9.4 10-6 K-1 |
Röntgenemission Energie / Wellenlänge: |
|
KA |
KB |
LA |
LB |
MA |
MB |
|
|
|
eV |
0 |
0 |
6948.88 |
7811.09 |
1405.73 |
1443.03 |
|
|
|
Å |
0 |
0 |
1.78425 |
1.5873 |
8.82 |
8.59202 |
|
|
|
|
Röntgenabsorption Energie / Wellenlänge: |
|
K |
L-I |
L-II |
L-III |
M-I |
M-II |
M-III |
M-IV |
M-V |
eV |
57482 |
9751 |
9264 |
8358 |
2207 |
2006 |
1812 |
1454 |
1410 |
Å |
0.21569 |
1.27151 |
1.33836 |
1.48343 |
5.61783 |
6.18073 |
6.84246 |
8.52719 |
8.79329 |
|
Röntgen Fluoreszenz Ausbeute: |
|
KA |
KB |
LA |
LB |
MA |
MB |
|
|
|
|
94.5% |
0% |
24.1% |
0% |
0% |
0% |
|
|
|
|
Nuklide: |
|
Anteil |
Gewicht |
Spin |
Halbwertszeit |
Zerfallsmodus |
Er162 |
0.136% |
161.929 |
0 |
|
Stable |
Er164 |
1.56% |
163.929 |
0 |
|
Stable |
Er166 |
33.41% |
165.93 |
0 |
|
Stable |
Er167 |
22.94% |
166.932 |
7/2 |
|
Stable |
Er168 |
27.07% |
167.932 |
0 |
|
Stable |
Er169 |
0% |
169 |
1/2 |
9.40d |
β- |
Er170 |
14.8% |
169.936 |
0 |
|
Stable |
Er171 |
0% |
171 |
5/2 |
7.52h |
β- |
Er172 |
0% |
172 |
0 |
2.05d |
β- | |