Ordnungszahl: |
52 |
Name: |
Tellurium |
Namensursprung: |
Latin: tellus (earth). |
Entdeckung: |
1782 by Franz Müller von Reichenstein in Romania |
Beschreibung: |
Silvery-white, brittle simi-metal. |
Vorkommen: |
Obtained as a by-product of copper and lead refining. |
Verwendung: |
Used to improve the machining quality of copper and
stainless steel products and to color glass and ceramics. Also in
thermoelectric devices. Some is used in the rubber industry and it is a
basic ingredient in manufacturing blasting caps. |
Gruppe: |
Non-Metal |
Atomgewicht: |
127.60 |
Schmelzpunkt: |
449.5°C |
Siedepunkt: |
989.9°C |
Dichte bei 293 K: |
6.24 g/cm³ |
Aggregatszustand bei Raumtemperatur: |
Solid |
Schalen: |
2,8,18,18,6 |
Orbitale: |
[Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p4 |
Valenzen: |
2,4,6 |
1. Ionisierungs- potential: |
9.0096 V |
2. Ionisierungs- potential: |
18.60 V |
3. Ionisierungs- potential: |
27.96 V |
Atomradius: |
1.42 Å |
Spezifische Wärme: |
0.20 J/gK |
Verdampfungswärme: |
52.550 kJ/mol |
Schmelzwärme: |
17.490 kJ/mol |
Thermischer Ausdehnungskoeffizient: |
18.8 10-6 K-1 |
Röntgenemission Energie / Wellenlänge: |
|
KA |
KB |
LA |
LB |
MA |
MB |
|
|
|
eV |
27382.5 |
30945.3 |
3769.47 |
4029.73 |
0 |
0 |
|
|
|
Å |
0.45279 |
0.40066 |
3.2892 |
3.07677 |
0 |
0 |
|
|
|
|
Röntgenabsorption Energie / Wellenlänge: |
|
K |
L-I |
L-II |
L-III |
M-I |
M-II |
M-III |
M-IV |
M-V |
eV |
31814 |
4940 |
4612 |
4342 |
1006 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
572 |
Å |
0.38972 |
2.50983 |
2.68832 |
2.85549 |
12.3246 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
21.6758 |
|
Röntgen Fluoreszenz Ausbeute: |
|
KA |
KB |
LA |
LB |
MA |
MB |
|
|
|
|
87.5% |
0% |
9.5% |
0% |
0% |
0% |
|
|
|
|
Nuklide: |
|
Anteil |
Gewicht |
Spin |
Halbwertszeit |
Zerfallsmodus |
Te119 |
0% |
119 |
11/2 |
4.69d |
EC,β+ |
Te120 |
0.089% |
119.904 |
0 |
|
Stable |
Te121 |
0% |
121 |
1/2 |
16.8d |
EC |
Te121m |
0% |
121 |
11/2 |
~154d |
IT,EC,β+ |
Te122 |
2.46% |
121.903 |
0 |
|
Stable |
Te123 |
0.87% |
122.904 |
1/2 |
1.3E13y |
EC |
Te123m |
0% |
123 |
11/2 |
119.7d |
IT |
Te124 |
4.61% |
123.903 |
0 |
|
Stable |
Te125 |
6.99% |
124.904 |
1/2 |
|
Stable |
Te125m |
0% |
125 |
11/2 |
58d |
IT |
Te126 |
18.71% |
125.903 |
0 |
|
Stable |
Te127 |
0% |
127 |
3/2 |
9.4h |
β- |
Te127m |
0% |
127 |
11/2 |
109d |
IT,β- |
Te128 |
31.79% |
127.905 |
0 |
|
Stable |
Te129 |
0% |
129 |
3/2 |
1.16h |
β- |
Te129m |
0% |
129 |
11/2 |
33.6d |
IT,β- |
Te130 |
34.48% |
129.906 |
0 |
2.5E21y |
β-b- |
Te131 |
0% |
131 |
3/2 |
25.0m |
β- |
Te131m |
0% |
131 |
11/2 |
1.35d |
β-,IT |
Te132 |
0% |
132 |
0 |
3.26d |
β- |
Te133 |
0% |
133 |
3/2 |
12.4m |
β- |
Te133m |
0% |
133 |
11/2 |
55.4m |
β-,IT |
Te134 |
0% |
134 |
0 |
41.8m |
β- | |