Skip to Content

Brom (Br)

Ordnungszahl: 35
Name: Bromine
Namensursprung: Greek: brômos (stench).
Entdeckung: 1826 by Antoine J. Balard in France
Beschreibung: Redish-brown liquid.
Vorkommen: Occurs in compounds in sea water.
Verwendung: It was once used in large quantities to make a compound that removed lead compound build up in engines burning leaded gasoline. Now it is primarily used in dyes, disinfectants, and photographic chemicals.
Gruppe: Halogen
Atomgewicht: 79.904
Schmelzpunkt: -7.2°C
Siedepunkt: 58.78°C
Dichte bei 293 K: 3.119 g/cm³
Aggregatszustand bei Raumtemperatur: Liquid
Schalen: 2,8,18,7
Orbitale: [Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p5
Valenzen: 1,3,5,7
1. Ionisierungs- potential: 11.8138 V
2. Ionisierungs- potential: 21.8 V
3. Ionisierungs- potential: 36.0 V
Atomradius: 1.12 Å
Spezifische Wärme: 0.473 J/gK
Verdampfungswärme: 15.438 kJ/mol
Schmelzwärme: 5.286 kJ/mol
Thermischer Ausdehnungskoeffizient: --
Röntgenemission Energie / Wellenlänge:
  KA KB LA LB MA MB      
eV 11909.1 13291.9 1480.49 1525.95 0 0      
Å 1.0411 0.93278 8.37462 8.12513 0 0      
Röntgenabsorption Energie / Wellenlänge:
  K L-I L-II L-III M-I M-II M-III M-IV M-V
eV 13474 1782 1596 1550 0 0 0 0 71
Å 0.92018 6.95765 7.76851 7.99906 0 0 0 0 174.627
Röntgen Fluoreszenz Ausbeute:
  KA KB LA LB MA MB      
  62.2% 0% 1.6% 0% 0% 0%      
Nuklide:
  Anteil Gewicht Spin Halbwertszeit Zerfallsmodus
Br76 0% 76 1 16.0h β+,EC
Br77 0% 76.921 3/2 2.376d EC,β+
Br79 50.54% 78.9183 3/2   Stable
Br80 0% 80 1 17.66m β-,EC,β+
Br80m 0% 80 9/2 4.42h IT
Br81 49.46% 80.9163 3/2   Stable
Br82 0% 81.917 5 1.471d β-
Br83 0% 83 3/2 2.40h β-,β-
Br84 0% 84 2 31.8m β-
Br85 0% 85 3/2 2.87m β-,β-


book | by Dr. Radut